Ocean disposal of radioactive waste, London Convention & 1996 Protocol
Relevance: " Scientists fear leaks in 2 lakh barrels of nuclear waste undersea " - The Times of India " Deep-sea radioactive waste mystery: Scientists begin hunt for 200,000 nuclear barrels dumped in the Atlantic Ocean " - The Times of India From 1946 through 1993, thirteen countries used ocean disposal or ocean dumping as a method to dispose of nuclear/radioactive waste with an approximation of 200,000 tons sourcing mainly from the medical, research and nuclear industry. The waste materials included both liquids and solids housed in various containers, as well as reactor vessels, with and without spent or damaged nuclear fuel. Since 1993, ocean disposal has been banned by international treaties. (London Convention (1972), Basel Convention, MARPOL 73/78). There has only been the disposal of low level radioactive waste (LLW) thus far in terms of ocean dumping as high level waste has been strictly prohibited. Ocean floor disposal (or sub-seabed disposal)—a more deli...