Human activities worldwide in 2025 emitted a record 54 gigatonnes (Gt) of CO₂ equivalent (CO₂eq) emissions into the atmosphere, excluding land use, land-use change, and forestry (LULUCF). This marks a 0.7% rise compared to 2024. Thus, the post-COVID-19 upward trajectory continues, although at a lower rate compared to the previous year, according to the latest data from the European Commission’s Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) , compiled in cooperation with the International Energy Agency (IEA) and published in a new JRC report, GHG emissions of all world countries . Shifting trends among major global emitters The six largest emitters—China, the United States, India, the EU, Russia, and Indonesia—together accounted for 62% of global GHG emissions in 2025. However, emission changes varied significantly across key economies and sectors: The United States registered the largest absolute rise worldwide, increasing emissions by +2.2% c...