Evaluation of gene-edited rice lines Pusa DST-1 and DRR Dhan 100 Kamala under AICRPR multi-location trials

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Under All India Coordinated Research Project on Rice (AICRPR), rice breeders nominate the lines developed by them for multi-location trials. The lines after receipt at AICRPR are blindcoded and sent to the AICRPR trial sites/centres (~ 100 trial sites across the country) for independent field evaluation and validation for period of 2-3 years. Every year, over 1200 breeding lines are tested under this system, which has been in operation since 1965 and has contributed to the development and release of more than 1,750 rice varieties and hybrids.

Performance of Pusa DST-1 in AICRPR trials: 

In AICRPR multi-location trials, the identification of any culture as „variety‟ is considered after evaluation of its performance in multiple locations, primarily, under field conditions, in addition to consideration of supporting data obtained from artificial (in-vitro) screening facilities. The entry, IET32043 (which was later identified for release as Pusa DST-1) was screened during Kharif 2023 and Kharif 2024AICRPR trials intensively under field conditions in normal field plots.

Under stress-prone field plotsin the TPEs (locations in Zone VII), under alkaline conditions, thegene-edited line gave a mean grain yield of 3731 kg/ha, which is significantly superior over MTU 1010 (3254 kg/ha). Underinland saline conditions, IET 32043 recorded significant yield superiority, with a mean grain yield of 3508 kg/ha as compared to MTU1010 (3199 kg/ha); and it produced mean grain yield of 2493 kg/ha as compared to MTU 1010 (1912 kg/ha) with significant yield superiority in Zone-VII under coastal saline conditions. 

It is a well-known fact that MTU1010 is popularly grown in several parts of Southern India including the states of AP, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Puducherry. The gene-edited mutant of MTU1010, i.e. IET32043 (Pusa DST 1), is mainly targeted to replace the popular variety, MTU1010, in the rice growing regions of Southern India.

Performance of DRR Dhan 100 (Kamala) in AICRPR trials: 

As mentioned earlier, for any breeding line of rice nominated in NIL/GEL trials of AICRPR, only the data from those locations in TPEs wherein the trials were carried out as per recommended procedures (ascertained by the monitoring team visiting the locations/trial sites) and from where the data is statistically significant is considered for their promotion/dropping/identification. IET32072 (later identified as DRR Dhan 100; Kamala), was tested at multiplelocationsacross the countryduring 2023 Kharif season. Thedata from 7 locationsin TPE for SambaMahsuri was considered for promotion.

Based on the results obtained at the 7 locations in TPE for Samba Mahsuri (located in Zone VII; Maruteru, Bapatla, Warangal, Aduthurai, Coimbatore, Mandya, Kurumbapet-Puducherry), it was observed that IET32072 gave a mean yield of 5270 kg/ha, while Samba Mahsuri recorded 4829kg/ha (yield advantage of 9.13%and CD of 308). Further, in the above locations, themean days to 50 % flowering (DFF) with respect to IET32072 was recorded as 95 days and it was 107days for Samba Mahsuri (with 12 days early maturity observed in IET32072). 

PIB

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