Sample Registration System (SRS) Report 2021 released by the Registrar General of India (RGI)

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As per the Sample Registration System (SRS) Report 2021 released by the Registrar General of India (RGI), on 07th May, 2025, India has continued to witness a significant improvement in key maternal and child health indicators.

Key Indicators:

Birth Rate ( It gives the number of live births per thousand population in a given region and year ):

The Birth Rate at all India level has declined drastically over the last five decades from 36.9 in 1971 to 19.3 in 2021. The rural-urban differential has also narrowed over these years. However, the Birth Rate has continued to be higher in rural areas compared to urban areas in the last five decades. Birth Rate has declined by about 11% in the last decade, from 21.6 in 2012 to 19.3 in 2021. The corresponding decline in rural areas is 23.1 to 20.9 (about 10% decline) and for urban areas, it is from 17.4 to 15.9 (about 9% decline).

In 2021, Bihar reported highest Birth Rate of 25.6 and Andaman & Nicobar Islands reported lowest Birth Rate of 10.6.

Death Rate: 

It is defined as the number of deaths per thousand population in a given region and time period.

The Death Rate in India has witnessed a significant decline over the last five decades from 14.9 in 1971 to 6.0 in 2020. However, Death Rate has increased for the year 2021 to 7.5 per thousand population. The Death Rate for rural area has increased from 6.4 in 2020 to 7.9 in 2021. The relative increase in urban area in 2021 is 6.6 from 5.1 in 2020.

Infant Mortality Rate:

It is defined as the infant deaths (less than one year) per thousand live births in a given time period and for a given region.

The present level of IMR (27 infant deaths per thousand live births, for the year 2021) is less than one-fourth as compared to 1971 (129 infant deaths per thousand live births). In the last ten years, IMR has witnessed a decline of about 36%. IMR at all India level has declined from 42 to 27 in the last decade. The corresponding decline in rural areas is 46 to 30, and for urban areas it is from 28 to 18, thereby exhibiting about 35% and 36% decadal decline respectively. Despite the decline in IMR over the last decades, one in every 37 infants die within first year of their life at the National level (irrespective of ruralurban).

  1. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India
  2. PIB

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