Genetic Engineering Technology by ICAR to use TnpB or Transposon-associated proteins as molecular scissors

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Indian Council of Agricultural Research developped a indigenous genome-editing technology that functions as an alternative to the CRISPR-Cas system. TnpB is a compact "molecular scissor" that precisely cuts and modifies plant DNA, is easier to deliver into plant cells than larger CRISPR proteins, and reduces dependence on foreign technology and intellectual property. 

Key features of TnpB

  1. Alternative to CRISPR: TnpB is an indigenous system that provides a cost-effective alternative to CRISPR-Cas technologies.
  2. Compact size: TnpB proteins are significantly smaller than Cas9 and Cas12a, making them easier to deliver into cells. This also allows for direct injection via viral vectors, bypassing the need for tissue culture.
  3. Precision: Like CRISPR, TnpB acts as a molecular scissor to make precise cuts at target DNA sites for genome editing.
  4. Intellectual Property (IP) and cost: The technology, patented by ICAR, eliminates dependency on foreign IP, allowing for free use in India and potentially leading to cheaper commercial GE crops.
  5. Origin: TnpB proteins are ancient, naturally occurring proteins found in transposons, also known as "jumping genes".
  6. Development: The technology was developed by scientists at ICAR's Central Rice Research Institute (CRRI) in Odisha, India. 

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