Digital Postal Index Number ( DIGIPIN )

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 The Department of Posts has undertaken an initiative to establish a Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) for a standardized, geo-coded addressing system in India.

2. DESIGN APPROACH 

2.1 Core Concept: 

The DIGIPIN layer is the cornerstone of the entire digital address ecosystem. DIGIPIN is visualised as an alpha numeric offline grid system that divides the geographical territory of India into uniform 4-meter by 4-meter(approx.) units. Each of these 4m X 4m units (approx.) is assigned a unique 10-digit alphanumeric code, derived from the latitude and longitude coordinates of the unit. This alphanumeric code serves as the offline addressing reference for any specific location within the DIGIPIN system. DIGIPIN is thus strictly a function of the latitude and longitude of the location represented as a grid value. The system is designed to be scalable, adaptable, and integrated with existing GIS applications. 

2.2 DIGIPIN layer: DIGIPIN layer will act as the addressing reference system which will be available offline and can be used for locating addresses in a logical manner with directional properties built into it due to the logical naming pattern followed in its construction. DIGIPIN Grid system being an addressing referencing system, can be used as the base stack for development of other ecosystems where addressing is one of the processes in the workflow. Since DIGIPIN solely represents a location and does not store any personal information, it respects privacy. 

3. DIGIPIN : Code Architecture The detailed structure is such that the DIGIPIN is essentially an encoding of the latitude and longitude of the address into a sequence of alphanumeric symbols using the following 16 symbols: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, C, J, K, L, M, P, F, T. The process of identifying the cells is done in a hierarchical fashion. The encoding is performed at various levels, and the basic idea is the following: 

  1. A bounding box is used that covers the entire country. 
  2. The bounding box is split into 16 (i.e., 4x4) regions. Each region is labeled by one of symbols 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, C, F, J, K, L, M, P, T. The first character in the code would identify one of these regions. This is called the level-1 partition.
  3. Each region is then subdivided into 16 subregions in a similar fashion. Each of the 16 subregions are labeled by the 16 characters. For a given region, the subregion is identified by the second character of the code. Therefore, the first two characters of the code uniquely identify one of the 16^2=256 subregions. This is called the level-2partition. 
  4. The encoding of successive characters, and therefore the next 8 levels is done in an identical fashion. The 10-symbol code therefore uniquely identifies one of the 16^10 cells within the bounding box. 

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