Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)

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Social determinants of health (SDOH) are the nonmedical factors that influence health outcomes. They are the conditions in which people are born, grow, work, live, and age. These forces and systems include a wide set of forces and systems that shape daily life such as economic policies and systems, development agendas, social norms, social policies, and political systems. CDC has adopted this definition from the World Health Organization.

Social determinants of health (SDOH) have a major impact on people’s health, well-being, and quality of life. Examples of SDOH include:

  1. Safe housing, transportation, and neighborhoods
  2. Racism, discrimination, and violence
  3. Education, job opportunities, and income
  4. Access to nutritious foods and physical activity opportunities
  5. Polluted air and water
  6. Language and literacy skills

SDOH also contribute to wide health disparities and inequities. For example, people who don't have access to grocery stores with healthy foods are less likely to have good nutrition. That raises their risk of health conditions like heart disease, diabetes, and obesity — and even lowers life expectancy relative to people who do have access to healthy foods.

  1. " Social determinants of health: Key concepts " - WHO
  2. " Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) " - CDC USA
  3. " Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) " - Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
  4. " Social determinants of Health " - WHO


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