Manipuri Pony Conservation and Development Policy

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Relevance: "Legendary Manipuri Ponies, that gifted the world polo, find a new home" - India Today

The Manipur Pony is one of the five recognised equine breeds of India which is very important and critical for the State as well as the country as national gene pool. The Manipuri pony has been indispensible with Manipuri society for its socio-cultural association for centuries. Its antecedents, however, are not clear, as one source stated Tibetan ponies as it ancestors while another source stated its origin to be a cross between 

Mongolian wild horse & Arabian. However, all agreed that it was derived from ancient stock. In some manuscripts, it is referred to as Mangal-sa or Mongolian animal. In Manipuri mythology, the Manipuri pony was regarded to have descended from “Samadon Ayangba” the winged steed of Lord Margjing, one of the guardian deities of Manipur. 

The Manipuri pony was so highly regarded that it was never used as a draught animal. The Manipuri pony though small breed of 11 to 13 Hands is known for its unique stamina, agility, intelligence, speed, manoeuvrability and great adaptability to harsh geo climatic condition. It is rightly regarded as original polo pony as the modern polo is derived from the traditional Sagol Kangjei of Manipur. 

Manipur ponies figure prominently in the Manipuri way of life. Besides traditional events of “Lai haraoba” and being used in the sport like Polo & race, they were also utilised as mounts for Manipur cavalry which was feared throughout upper Burma during 17th century. The population of this highly valued breed is dwindling rapidly in recent time, from 1898 nos. of Ponies in 17th Quinquinial Livestock Census 2003 to only 1101 nos. in the 19th Quinquinial Livestock Census 2012. 

Food and Agriculture Organisation publication on World Watch List on Domestic Animal Diversity has listed the breed as” An Endangered Animal”. Shrinkage of wet lands which is the natural habitat of Manipuri Pony due to rapid urbanisation and encroachment, lack of polo ground/polo playing areas in the Rural, restriction of use of ponies except in the game of polo, uncontrolled diseases and the exodus of ponies to the neighbouring states and countries are some of the attributing factors for the decline of the population of the Pony in the State.

https://manipur.gov.in/

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