A General Introduction to International Atomic Energy Agency ( Part 4 )

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 How IAEA Functions:

From its charter, IAEA is authorised to, 

—Examine and approve the design of nuclear plants (but solely in order to verify that they would not further any military purpose, would comply with safety standards and would permit the application of safeguards) (Article XII.A.1).

—Require the keeping of operating records (Article XII.A.3).48

—Call for and receive reports (Article XII.A.4).49

—Approve the means used for reprocessing spent fuel — but solely to ensure that reprocessing did not lend itself to diversion and complied with applicable safety standards — and require the deposit with the IAEA of “special fissionable material” (i.e. plutonium) surplus to that which the State concerned needed for reactors it was operating or constructing (Article XII.A.5).

—Send inspectors to the “recipient” State or States, designated by the IAEA in consultation with the State(s). As noted, the inspectors “shall have access at all times to all places and data and to any person” dealing with nuclear items required to be safeguarded. The inspectors’ tasks would be to account for all nuclear material covered by the IAEA’s agreement with the State, and verify compliance with the State’s undertaking against “furtherance of any military purpose” and with any other conditions prescribed in the agreement with the State (Article XII.A 6).

The IAEA would also have authority to require the observance of nuclear safety measures (Article XII.A.2). Its inspectors were also to verify that in the IAEA’s own operations it was complying with it own safeguards and safety measures (Article XII.B).

The inspectors would be required to report to the Director General any non-compliance (by a State) that their work might disclose. The Director General was required, in turn, to report the matter to the Board. If the Board confirmed that the State was not complying with its safeguards agreement it could call upon the State to comply forthwith. The Board would also be required to report the non-compliance to all Member States of the IAEA and to the Security Council and General Assembly of the United Nations. The IAEA would also have the right to impose specified sanctions (Article XII.C).

Reference:

https://www-pub.iaea.org/mtcd/publications/pdf/pub1032_web.pdf

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